package node.child_process; /** Spawns a shell then executes the `command` within that shell, buffering any generated output. The `command` string passed to the exec function is processed directly by the shell and special characters (vary based on [shell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_command-line_interpreters)) need to be dealt with accordingly: ```js const { exec } = require('node:child_process'); exec('"/path/to/test file/test.sh" arg1 arg2'); // Double quotes are used so that the space in the path is not interpreted as // a delimiter of multiple arguments. exec('echo "The \\$HOME variable is $HOME"'); // The $HOME variable is escaped in the first instance, but not in the second. ``` **Never pass unsanitized user input to this function. Any input containing shell** **metacharacters may be used to trigger arbitrary command execution.** If a `callback` function is provided, it is called with the arguments`(error, stdout, stderr)`. On success, `error` will be `null`. On error,`error` will be an instance of `Error`. The `error.code` property will be the exit code of the process. By convention, any exit code other than `0`indicates an error. `error.signal` will be the signal that terminated the process. The `stdout` and `stderr` arguments passed to the callback will contain the stdout and stderr output of the child process. By default, Node.js will decode the output as UTF-8 and pass strings to the callback. The `encoding` option can be used to specify the character encoding used to decode the stdout and stderr output. If `encoding` is `'buffer'`, or an unrecognized character encoding, `Buffer` objects will be passed to the callback instead. ```js const { exec } = require('node:child_process'); exec('cat *.js missing_file | wc -l', (error, stdout, stderr) => { if (error) { console.error(`exec error: ${error}`); return; } console.log(`stdout: ${stdout}`); console.error(`stderr: ${stderr}`); }); ``` If `timeout` is greater than `0`, the parent will send the signal identified by the `killSignal` property (the default is `'SIGTERM'`) if the child runs longer than `timeout` milliseconds. Unlike the [`exec(3)`](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/exec.3.html) POSIX system call, `child_process.exec()` does not replace the existing process and uses a shell to execute the command. If this method is invoked as its `util.promisify()` ed version, it returns a `Promise` for an `Object` with `stdout` and `stderr` properties. The returned`ChildProcess` instance is attached to the `Promise` as a `child` property. In case of an error (including any error resulting in an exit code other than 0), a rejected promise is returned, with the same `error` object given in the callback, but with two additional properties `stdout` and `stderr`. ```js const util = require('node:util'); const exec = util.promisify(require('node:child_process').exec); async function lsExample() { const { stdout, stderr } = await exec('ls'); console.log('stdout:', stdout); console.error('stderr:', stderr); } lsExample(); ``` If the `signal` option is enabled, calling `.abort()` on the corresponding`AbortController` is similar to calling `.kill()` on the child process except the error passed to the callback will be an `AbortError`: ```js const { exec } = require('node:child_process'); const controller = new AbortController(); const { signal } = controller; const child = exec('grep ssh', { signal }, (error) => { console.error(error); // an AbortError }); controller.abort(); ``` **/ @:jsRequire("child_process", "exec") @valueModuleOnly extern class Exec { /** Spawns a shell then executes the `command` within that shell, buffering any generated output. The `command` string passed to the exec function is processed directly by the shell and special characters (vary based on [shell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_command-line_interpreters)) need to be dealt with accordingly: ```js const { exec } = require('node:child_process'); exec('"/path/to/test file/test.sh" arg1 arg2'); // Double quotes are used so that the space in the path is not interpreted as // a delimiter of multiple arguments. exec('echo "The \\$HOME variable is $HOME"'); // The $HOME variable is escaped in the first instance, but not in the second. ``` **Never pass unsanitized user input to this function. Any input containing shell** **metacharacters may be used to trigger arbitrary command execution.** If a `callback` function is provided, it is called with the arguments`(error, stdout, stderr)`. On success, `error` will be `null`. On error,`error` will be an instance of `Error`. The `error.code` property will be the exit code of the process. By convention, any exit code other than `0`indicates an error. `error.signal` will be the signal that terminated the process. The `stdout` and `stderr` arguments passed to the callback will contain the stdout and stderr output of the child process. By default, Node.js will decode the output as UTF-8 and pass strings to the callback. The `encoding` option can be used to specify the character encoding used to decode the stdout and stderr output. If `encoding` is `'buffer'`, or an unrecognized character encoding, `Buffer` objects will be passed to the callback instead. ```js const { exec } = require('node:child_process'); exec('cat *.js missing_file | wc -l', (error, stdout, stderr) => { if (error) { console.error(`exec error: ${error}`); return; } console.log(`stdout: ${stdout}`); console.error(`stderr: ${stderr}`); }); ``` If `timeout` is greater than `0`, the parent will send the signal identified by the `killSignal` property (the default is `'SIGTERM'`) if the child runs longer than `timeout` milliseconds. Unlike the [`exec(3)`](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/exec.3.html) POSIX system call, `child_process.exec()` does not replace the existing process and uses a shell to execute the command. If this method is invoked as its `util.promisify()` ed version, it returns a `Promise` for an `Object` with `stdout` and `stderr` properties. The returned`ChildProcess` instance is attached to the `Promise` as a `child` property. In case of an error (including any error resulting in an exit code other than 0), a rejected promise is returned, with the same `error` object given in the callback, but with two additional properties `stdout` and `stderr`. ```js const util = require('node:util'); const exec = util.promisify(require('node:child_process').exec); async function lsExample() { const { stdout, stderr } = await exec('ls'); console.log('stdout:', stdout); console.error('stderr:', stderr); } lsExample(); ``` If the `signal` option is enabled, calling `.abort()` on the corresponding`AbortController` is similar to calling `.kill()` on the child process except the error passed to the callback will be an `AbortError`: ```js const { exec } = require('node:child_process'); const controller = new AbortController(); const { signal } = controller; const child = exec('grep ssh', { signal }, (error) => { console.error(error); // an AbortError }); controller.abort(); ``` **/ @:overload(function(command:String, options:{ var encoding : Null; } & ExecOptions, ?callback:(error:Null, stdout:node.buffer.Buffer, stderr:node.buffer.Buffer) -> Void):ChildProcess { }) @:overload(function(command:String, options:{ var encoding : global.nodejs.BufferEncoding; } & ExecOptions, ?callback:(error:Null, stdout:String, stderr:String) -> Void):ChildProcess { }) @:overload(function(command:String, options:{ var encoding : global.nodejs.BufferEncoding; } & ExecOptions, ?callback:(error:Null, stdout:ts.AnyOf2, stderr:ts.AnyOf2) -> Void):ChildProcess { }) @:overload(function(command:String, options:ExecOptions, ?callback:(error:Null, stdout:String, stderr:String) -> Void):ChildProcess { }) @:overload(function(command:String, options:Null, ?callback:(error:Null, stdout:ts.AnyOf2, stderr:ts.AnyOf2) -> Void):ChildProcess { }) @:selfCall static function call(command:String, ?callback:(error:Null, stdout:String, stderr:String) -> Void):ChildProcess; }